How to Write a Case Study Analysis (Business & Nursing)

Short answer: A case study analysis identifies the central problem, analyzes it with a framework such as SWOT or Porter's Five Forces, evaluates alternatives against criteria, and recommends one course of action with an implementation plan.

Graders look for decision-making, not retelling. Never summarize the case — analyze it.

The Five-Section Structure

1. Executive summary: the recommendation in three sentences
2. Situation analysis: relevant facts and framework application
3. Problem statement: one central problem, clearly scoped
4. Alternatives: three options evaluated against explicit criteria
5. Recommendation and implementation: chosen option, timeline, metrics, risks

Analytical Frameworks to Apply

1. SWOT for internal and external position
2. Porter's Five Forces for industry structure
3. PESTEL for macro-environment factors
4. Value chain analysis for operational cost drivers
5. Root-cause / fishbone analysis for process problems

Evidence to Include

1. Financial ratios calculated from case exhibits
2. Quantified impact estimates for each alternative
3. Direct references to case facts, cited by exhibit or page
4. External industry data where the rubric permits

How to Choose the Right Topic

Step 1. Read the case twice — once for narrative, once for data.

Step 2. Write the problem statement before analyzing anything else.

Step 3. Choose frameworks that fit the problem instead of applying all of them.

Step 4. Define decision criteria before evaluating alternatives so the choice is defensible.

Step 5. Close with a concrete implementation timeline and success metrics.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

• Picking a topic so broad you cannot cover it in the assigned page count


• Choosing a subject with no credible, peer-reviewed sources available


• Restating an argument without adding your own analysis or evidence


• Ignoring your instructor's rubric, required citation style, or page limits


• Leaving topic selection until the night before the deadline

Frequently Asked Questions

How long should a case study analysis be?

Typically 1,500–3,000 words for MBA coursework, excluding exhibits and appendices.

Should I summarize the case?

No. Assume the reader knows the case. Reference facts only when they support your analysis.

How many alternatives should I evaluate?

Three is standard: your recommendation plus two credible competing options, each assessed against the same criteria.

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